powers held at both levels of government as a matter of fact; not necessarily due to enumeration
The Constitution, while being very gray at times, is also a very logical document. It is structured as a basic outline of government and its powers. It stands to reason then, that if Article I Section 8 were to list the powers of the Congress, that Article I Section 9 lists the powers that are denied to Congress.
In short hand form:
AI S9 C1 - slave trade cannot be abolished before 1808
AI S9 C2 - writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended (unless in times of rebellion)
AI S9 C3 - no bill of attainder or ex post facto laws allowed
AI S9 C4 - no direct tax shall be laid (direct tax on the people)
AI S9 C5 - no export tariffs
AI S9 C6 - no preference given to certain states/ports regarding tariffs
AI S9 C7 - no shady money dealings Congress
AI S9 C8 - no giving of titles of nobility; no accepting titles of nobility
